Computer-History-Definition - What is a computer? -Leanerstudy

 Introduction to Computer

The word computer is derived from compute, which means to calculate. Hence, the computer was invented to do calculation work, but its field of work has become more important in the present time, so it is called the computer or Abhikalitra. The computer is called a computer in Hindi.

The father of the computer is Charles Babbage.

What is computer

A computer is a device that is used in calculation, process, mechanics, research, research, etc.

The computer is a combination of hardware and software, that converts data into information. Know what a computer is in simple language. Computers were invented so their use has become more widespread in the present time for easy calculation. Computers can solve many types of problems in a pinch, and their working capacity is very fast.

A computer is a machine whose job is to show the data given by the user as the output result. We can call it a computer.

Computer's full form _

C commonly (commonly) - general

O operator (operator) - operator

M machine (machine) - device

P particularly (particularly) - especially

U used for (used for). - for use

T technical (technical) - technology

E-education and (education and) - education and

R research (research) - research

Characteristics of computer - (Characteristics of Computer)-

The main characteristics of computers are as follows -

Speed ​​-

 The biggest feature of a computer is its fast calculation speed. In fact, the computer was built as a machine that calculates at a fast speed. The computer can do millions of calculations in a second. At present, computers can perform calculations in 10 to the power of nine squares (seconds)

Storage-

The computer can store a huge amount of information in its memory. It has the capacity to store data and programs. Data and information can be stored in external and internal storage media of computer like hard disk, CD ROM, etc. which we can use.

Accuracy-

The rate of errorlessness in the work done by a computer is very high. It gives the correct result of even the most difficult question without any error. Even if any error is found during calculation, it is due to human errors in the program or data. These errors are caused by wrong information.

Automation-

Computer is an automatic machine, in which human intervention during calculation is negligible. However, instructions for the computer to work are given by humans only. And there are less chances of errors in it.

Versatility -

Computers are much more versatile than humans. They can complete different types of tasks at a time.

Diligence -

Being a machine, the computer is not affected by the external environment. It can calculate any task millions of times without stopping.

It plays an efficient role in its work. This is the reason that all the above features of the computer make it a capable machine.

Limitations of the Computer -

If a task has features, then it also has some limitations. Similarly, a computer has some limitations which are as follows.

Unintelligent -

A computer is a machine, which cannot think and understand on its own. The computer works on the basis of the instructions given. Expensive-

Computer software and hardware were very expensive in the beginning, but with the development of computers, their cost has decreased.

Depends on electricity-

A computer is a mechanical machine, due to which electricity is an essential requirement to make it work. In the absence of electricity, the computer is like a box.

Effects from Virus-

Any virus can affect the working capacity of the computer and destroy the information and instructions stored in it.

Therefore, the computer should be protected from viruses by using anti-virus software.

History of computer evolution-

It has been barely 50 years since modern computers came into existence, but the history of their development is very old. Computers are involved in every aspect of our life in some way or the other. In the last four decades, computers have changed the way of living and working of our society.

The history of the development of computers is given in the following table -

Inventions

Abacus,

Napier's Bones,

Slide Rule,

Pascaline,

Leibniz's Mechanical Calculator,

Difference Engine,

ENIC,

EDSAC,

EDVAC,

UNIVAC, etc. Inventors

Li Kai Chen (China),

John Napier (Scotland)

Blaise Pascal (France),

Gottfried von Leibniz (Germany),

Charles Bandage (England),

J.P. Eckert and John Maurice Wilkes (UK)

Time

16th century,

1617,

1620,

1642,

1671,

1822,

1946,

1949,

1950,

1951,

Characteristics-

This machine had five main parts-

Input unit

Store

Mill

Control

Output

This machine is considered to be the initial form of modern computers.

It is a mechanical machine.

In this, the work of reading numbers is done by punched cards.

It could read only one card at a time.

In 1896, Hollerith founded the Tabulating Machine Company which manufactured punch card machines.

In the year 1924, its name was changed to International Business Machine.

It was the world's first fully automatic electro-mechanical calculating machine.

It had small gears, counter switches and control circuits of interlocking panels.

Data was entered manually.

Magnetic drums were used for storage.

It is a combination of twenty accumulators.

It had 18000 vacuum tubes installed in it.

It was the first digital computer.

It was the first program-stored digital computer.

It could calculate mountains of squares.

It used Mercury Delay Linux for memory and vacuum tubes for logic.

It was a 30 pin large, 150 wide computer.

It solved the input and output problems very quickly.

It was the first electronic computer used for general purpose.

It processed both statistical and textual data.

It used magnetic tape for input and output.

Applications

It was used to perform all mathematical operations.

It was used in the census of 1890.

It was used to perform calculations.

It was used in private firms Engineers Research Association and IBM.

In the year 1950, M.V. Wilkes and Wheeler used EDSAC to solve differential equations related to frequencies.

In the year 1951, Miller and Wheeler used EDSAC to search for a 79-digit prime number.

It used to perform calculations.

The advantages of computers are as follows:

Any information can be known very easily through a computer.

Any information can be sent through the computer.

Business can be done through a computer.

We can study at home through the computer.

Know the disadvantages of computers-

Any work on computer should be done carefully. Hackers can steal our data from computer very easily and we don't even know. They sell our data for money. Or delete it.